Linux auditd: Alert on suspicious C2-related command executions

Alerts on auditd executions of common C2-adjacent tools when labeled with the "susp_activity" key.

FreeReviewedSigma · Medium · v3
Product
linux
Service
auditd
Author
Marie Euler (SigmaHQ), DRL 1.1
Published
2020-05-18
Updated
2026-07-31
title: "Linux auditd: Alert on suspicious C2-related command executions"
id: c160bfef-e015-44ea-a631-ea9b2e2b9232
status: test
description: This rule flags Linux process activity recorded by auditd under the custom key "susp_activity". It specifically targets executions of common networking and remote access utilities associated with command-and-control behavior, including wget, curl, base64, nc/netcat/ncat, ssh, socat, wireshark/rawshark, rdesktop, and nmap. The detection relies on auditd event telemetry tied to predefined audit watches for those binaries, and focuses on the suspicious intent rather than the command arguments.
references:
  - https://github.com/Neo23x0/auditd
  - https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/blob/master/rules/linux/auditd/lnx_auditd_susp_c2_commands.yml
author: Marie Euler, Huntrule Team
date: 2020-05-18
modified: 2021-11-27
tags:
  - attack.command-and-control
logsource:
  product: linux
  service: auditd
  definition: |
    Required auditd configuration:
    -w /usr/bin/wget -p x -k susp_activity
    -w /usr/bin/curl -p x -k susp_activity
    -w /usr/bin/base64 -p x -k susp_activity
    -w /bin/nc -p x -k susp_activity
    -w /bin/netcat -p x -k susp_activity
    -w /usr/bin/ncat -p x -k susp_activity
    -w /usr/bin/ss -p x -k susp_activity
    -w /usr/bin/netstat -p x -k susp_activity
    -w /usr/bin/ssh -p x -k susp_activity
    -w /usr/bin/scp -p x -k susp_activity
    -w /usr/bin/sftp -p x -k susp_activity
    -w /usr/bin/ftp -p x -k susp_activity
    -w /usr/bin/socat -p x -k susp_activity
    -w /usr/bin/wireshark -p x -k susp_activity
    -w /usr/bin/tshark -p x -k susp_activity
    -w /usr/bin/rawshark -p x -k susp_activity
    -w /usr/bin/rdesktop -p x -k susp_activity
    -w /usr/local/bin/rdesktop -p x -k susp_activity
    -w /usr/bin/wlfreerdp -p x -k susp_activity
    -w /usr/bin/xfreerdp -p x -k susp_activity
    -w /usr/local/bin/xfreerdp -p x -k susp_activity
    -w /usr/bin/nmap -p x -k susp_activity
    (via https://github.com/Neo23x0/auditd/blob/ddf2603dbc985f97538d102f13b4e4446b402bae/audit.rules#L336)
detection:
  selection:
    key: susp_activity
  condition: selection
falsepositives:
  - Admin or User activity
level: medium
license: DRL-1.1
related:
  - id: f7158a64-6204-4d6d-868a-6e6378b467e0
    type: derived