macOS launchctl Execution of Launch Agent/Daemon

Flags launchctl usage on macOS to submit, load, or start Launch Agents/Daemons, a common persistence mechanism.

FreeReviewedSigma · Medium · v2
Product
macos
Category
process_creation
Author
Pratinav Chandra (SigmaHQ), DRL 1.1
Published
2024-05-13
Updated
2026-07-31
title: macOS launchctl Execution of Launch Agent/Daemon
id: e9e6e383-ffed-48a5-a2e9-e310ee42dfd6
status: test
description: This rule identifies macOS process executions where launchctl is invoked with command-line arguments consistent with submitting, loading, or starting Launch Agents or Launch Daemons. Adversaries commonly use launchctl to establish persistence by scheduling services to run automatically. It relies on macOS process creation telemetry capturing the executed binary path and its command-line arguments.
references:
  - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/f339e7da7d05f6057fdfcdd3742bfcf365fee2a9/atomics/T1569.001/T1569.001.md
  - https://www.sentinelone.com/labs/20-common-tools-techniques-used-by-macos-threat-actors-malware/
  - https://www.welivesecurity.com/2020/07/16/mac-cryptocurrency-trading-application-rebranded-bundled-malware/
  - https://www.trendmicro.com/en_us/research/18/d/new-macos-backdoor-linked-to-oceanlotus-found.html
  - https://www.loobins.io/binaries/launchctl/
  - https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/blob/master/rules/macos/process_creation/proc_creation_macos_launchctl_execution.yml
author: Pratinav Chandra, Huntrule Team
date: 2024-05-13
tags:
  - attack.privilege-escalation
  - attack.execution
  - attack.persistence
  - attack.t1569.001
  - attack.t1543.001
  - attack.t1543.004
logsource:
  category: process_creation
  product: macos
detection:
  selection:
    Image|endswith: /launchctl
    CommandLine|contains:
      - submit
      - load
      - start
  condition: selection
falsepositives:
  - Legitimate administration activities is expected to trigger false positives. Investigate the command line being passed to determine if the service or launch agent are suspicious.
level: medium
license: DRL-1.1
related:
  - id: ae9d710f-dcd1-4f75-a0a5-93a73b5dda0e
    type: derived