Windows AD Structure Export Using ldifde.exe with -f

Flags ldifde.exe executions using -f that indicate Active Directory structure export from a Windows host.

FreeReviewedSigma · Medium · v2
Product
windows
Category
process_creation
Author
Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) (SigmaHQ), DRL 1.1
Published
2023-03-14
Updated
2026-07-31
title: Windows AD Structure Export Using ldifde.exe with -f
id: 86805c74-18b1-4ae2-9c76-65a40d2befcc
status: test
description: This rule flags Windows process executions where ldifde.exe is run with a command line containing -f, which is commonly used to export Active Directory objects and structure. Attackers may use this behavior to collect directory data for staging, reconnaissance, or exfiltration. The detection relies on process creation telemetry, specifically the executable path/name and the command-line arguments.
references:
  - https://businessinsights.bitdefender.com/deep-dive-into-a-backdoordiplomacy-attack-a-study-of-an-attackers-toolkit
  - https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5743766-Global-Threat-Report-2019.html
  - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/it-pro/windows-server-2012-r2-and-2012/cc731033(v=ws.11)
  - https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/blob/master/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_ldifde_export.yml
author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Huntrule Team
date: 2023-03-14
tags:
  - attack.exfiltration
logsource:
  category: process_creation
  product: windows
detection:
  selection_ldif:
    - Image|endswith: \ldifde.exe
    - OriginalFileName: ldifde.exe
  selection_cmd:
    CommandLine|contains: -f
  filter_import:
    CommandLine|contains: " -i"
  condition: all of selection_* and not 1 of filter_*
falsepositives:
  - Unknown
level: medium
license: DRL-1.1
related:
  - id: 4f7a6757-ff79-46db-9687-66501a02d9ec
    type: derived