Windows execution of cloudflared.exe from a non-default directory

Alerts on cloudflared.exe executions from unusual paths on Windows, excluding standard Program Files locations.

FreeReviewedSigma · Medium · v2
Product
windows
Category
process_creation
Author
Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems) (SigmaHQ), DRL 1.1
Published
2023-12-20
Updated
2026-07-31
title: Windows execution of cloudflared.exe from a non-default directory
id: 4a578d83-ecdc-4294-90f2-cea6ce71fbe7
status: test
description: This rule flags process creation events where cloudflared.exe is launched from a location other than the standard install paths under Program Files (x86)\cloudflared\ or Program Files\cloudflared\. Attackers may place portable binaries in alternate directories to blend in, evade allowlists, or control when and where the tunneling client runs. The detection relies on Windows process creation telemetry that includes the executed image path.
references:
  - https://developers.cloudflare.com/cloudflare-one/connections/connect-networks/do-more-with-tunnels/trycloudflare/
  - https://github.com/cloudflare/cloudflared
  - https://www.intrinsec.com/akira_ransomware/
  - https://www.guidepointsecurity.com/blog/tunnel-vision-cloudflared-abused-in-the-wild/
  - https://github.com/cloudflare/cloudflared/releases
  - https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/blob/master/rules/windows/process_creation/proc_creation_win_cloudflared_portable_execution.yml
author: Nasreddine Bencherchali (Nextron Systems), Huntrule Team
tags:
  - attack.command-and-control
  - attack.t1090.001
date: 2023-12-20
logsource:
  category: process_creation
  product: windows
detection:
  selection:
    Image|endswith: \cloudflared.exe
  filter_main_admin_location:
    Image|contains:
      - :\Program Files (x86)\cloudflared\
      - :\Program Files\cloudflared\
  condition: selection and not 1 of filter_main_*
falsepositives:
  - Legitimate usage of Cloudflared portable versions
level: medium
license: DRL-1.1
related:
  - id: fadb84f0-4e84-4f6d-a1ce-9ef2bffb6ccd
    type: derived