Windows Hidden Directory Creation Using NTFS $INDEX_ALLOCATION Stream

Alerts on Windows file events creating hidden NTFS content using the '::$index_allocation' alternate stream.

FreeReviewedSigma · Medium · v2
Product
windows
Category
file_event
Author
Scoubi (@ScoubiMtl) (SigmaHQ), DRL 1.1
Published
2023-10-09
Updated
2026-07-31
title: Windows Hidden Directory Creation Using NTFS $INDEX_ALLOCATION Stream
id: 5f9bb9f1-54a0-429e-8e2c-21eccb21c41a
related:
  - id: 0900463c-b33b-49a8-be1d-552a3b553dae
    type: similar
  - id: a8f866e1-bdd4-425e-a27a-37619238d9c7
    type: derived
status: test
description: This rule flags file events where the target filename contains the NTFS "$::index_allocation" stream marker, indicating creation of hidden file or folder content via the $INDEX_ALLOCATION alternate stream technique. Attackers may use this to make items less visible to common tools and scripts, supporting stealth objectives. It relies on Windows file event telemetry that records the full target filename including stream identifiers.
references:
  - https://twitter.com/pfiatde/status/1681977680688738305
  - https://soroush.me/blog/2010/12/a-dotty-salty-directory-a-secret-place-in-ntfs-for-secret-files/
  - https://sec-consult.com/blog/detail/pentesters-windows-ntfs-tricks-collection/
  - https://github.com/redcanaryco/atomic-red-team/blob/5c3b23002d2bbede3c07e7307165fc2a235a427d/atomics/T1564.004/T1564.004.md#atomic-test-5---create-hidden-directory-via-index_allocation
  - https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/openspecs/windows_protocols/ms-fscc/c54dec26-1551-4d3a-a0ea-4fa40f848eb3
  - https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/blob/master/rules/windows/file/file_event/file_event_win_susp_hidden_dir_index_allocation.yml
author: Scoubi (@ScoubiMtl), Huntrule Team
date: 2023-10-09
tags:
  - attack.stealth
  - attack.t1564.004
logsource:
  product: windows
  category: file_event
detection:
  selection:
    TargetFilename|contains: ::$index_allocation
  condition: selection
falsepositives:
  - Unlikely
level: medium
license: DRL-1.1