Windows Security Event 5136: Suspicious LDAP attribute display names used

Alerts on Event 5136 containing specific LDAP display names indicative of LDAP-based data exchange.

FreeReviewedSigma · High · v2
Product
windows
Service
security
Author
xknow @xknow_infosec (SigmaHQ), DRL 1.1
Published
2019-03-24
Updated
2026-07-31
title: "Windows Security Event 5136: Suspicious LDAP attribute display names used"
id: 0adfc62a-1a8e-4e1c-813a-cb5c893f8d3c
status: test
description: This rule flags Windows Security events (EventID 5136) where LDAP attribute display names match a small set often associated with LDAP-based data exchange. Attackers may use these attribute names to blend into directory traffic while exfiltrating or exchanging command-and-control data. It relies on Security audit telemetry that records Directory Service changes, specifically the AttributeLDAPDisplayName and AttributeValue fields.
references:
  - https://medium.com/@ivecodoe/detecting-ldapfragger-a-newly-released-cobalt-strike-beacon-using-ldap-for-c2-communication-c274a7f00961
  - https://blog.fox-it.com/2020/03/19/ldapfragger-command-and-control-over-ldap-attributes/
  - https://github.com/fox-it/LDAPFragger
  - https://github.com/SigmaHQ/sigma/blob/master/rules/windows/builtin/security/win_security_susp_ldap_dataexchange.yml
author: xknow @xknow_infosec, Huntrule Team
date: 2019-03-24
modified: 2022-10-05
tags:
  - attack.t1001.003
  - attack.command-and-control
logsource:
  product: windows
  service: security
  definition: The "Audit Directory Service Changes" logging policy must be configured in order to receive events. Audit events are generated only for objects with configured system access control lists (SACLs). Audit events are generated only for objects with configured system access control lists (SACLs) and only when accessed in a manner that matches their SACL settings. This policy covers the following events ids - 5136, 5137, 5138, 5139, 5141. Note that the default policy does not cover User objects. For that a custom AuditRule need to be setup (See https://github.com/OTRF/Set-AuditRule)
detection:
  selection:
    EventID: 5136
    AttributeValue|contains: "*"
    AttributeLDAPDisplayName:
      - primaryInternationalISDNNumber
      - otherFacsimileTelephoneNumber
      - primaryTelexNumber
  condition: selection
falsepositives:
  - Companies, who may use these default LDAP-Attributes for personal information
level: high
license: DRL-1.1
related:
  - id: d00a9a72-2c09-4459-ad03-5e0a23351e36
    type: derived